Orthopedics (also called orthopedic surgery) is the medical specialty that focuses on injuries and diseases of your body's musculoskeletal system. This complex system, which includes your bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves, allows you to move, work, and be active.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. CVDs are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease and other conditions.

Surgeons expertly evaluate and treat all types of ear conditions, including tympanic membrane perforations (a hole in the eardrum), chronic ear infections, cholesteatoma, otosclerosis, and tumors of the ear (such as acoustic neuroma).

What is endocrine surgery? Endocrine surgeries treat disorders that affect glands in your endocrine system. The surgeries mostly focus on diseases that affect your thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands. Glands are organs that release hormones into your bloodstream.

The organs that food and liquids travel through when they are swallowed, digested, absorbed, and leave the body as feces. These organs include the mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.

Skin is the body’s largest organ. From acting as a protective barrier and making new skin to supplying blood, feeling heat and pain, and cushioning muscle and bone, your skin carries out many essential functions. As your body’s external protective system, skin is highly susceptible to infections, rashes, disorders, conditions, cancer, wounds, burns, and other injuries.

Skin reconstruction surgery can help permanently replace missing or damaged skin, provide a covering for open wounds, and prevent bacterial and viral infections from entering the body.

The major passages and structures of the upper respiratory tract include the nose or nostrils, nasal cavity, mouth, throat (pharynx), and voice box (larynx). The respiratory system is lined with a mucous membrane that secretes mucus.

The genitourinary system, or urogenital system, are the organs of the reproductive system and the urinary system. These are grouped together because of their proximity to each other, their common embryological origin and the use of common pathways, like the male urethra.