What are Gastrotomy / Gastropexy / Gastrectomy?

1. Gastrotomy:

   • Gastrotomy involves making an incision into the stomach wall.

   • Indications:

     • Foreign Bodies: The most common reason for performing a gastrotomy is foreign body retrieval. Ingested objects (such as bones, toys, or sharp items) can become lodged in the stomach and cause obstruction or injury.
     • Biopsy: Gastrotomy may be performed to obtain tissue samples (biopsy) from the stomach for diagnostic purposes.

   • Procedure:

     • Through a standard midline approach, the entire gastrointestinal tract should be examined and palpated to determine the location and extent of pathology.
     • The stomach is exteriorized for gastrotomy, and stay sutures are placed to facilitate atraumatic manipulation.
     • The stomach is incised through a relatively avascular area midway between the gastric and gastroepiploic vessels (greater and lesser curvature).

   • Post-Operative Care:

     • Pain management and wound care are essential during recovery.

2. Gastropexy:

   • Gastropexy is a surgical procedure that involves permanently adhering the stomach to the abdominal wall.

   • Indications:

     • Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV): Gastropexy is commonly performed to correct or prevent GDV, a life-threatening condition where the stomach twists and rapidly expands with gas.

   • Procedure:

     • The stomach is sutured or stapled to the abdominal wall to prevent its abnormal movement.
     • Gastropexy can be performed prophylactically (preventively) or as an emergency procedure during GDV.

   • Benefits:

     • Prevents stomach torsion (twisting) and reduces the risk of GDV recurrence.

3. Gastrectomy:

   • Gastrectomy involves the partial or complete removal of the stomach.

   • Indications:

     • Tumors: Gastrectomy may be necessary to remove gastric tumors (benign or malignant).
     • Ulcers: In some cases of severe gastric ulcers, partial gastrectomy may be performed.

   • Procedure:

     • The affected portion of the stomach is resected.
     • The remaining stomach is reconnected to the intestines.

   • Post-Operative Care:

     • Pain management and monitoring are crucial during recovery.

Benefits:

• Disease Control: Removal of foreign bodies, tumors, or diseased stomach tissue.
• Improved Quality of Life: Relief from symptoms associated with stomach issues.
• Prevention of Life-Threatening Conditions: Gastropexy prevents GDV recurrence.

 

Remember, always consult a veterinarian for personalized advice tailored to your pet’s specific needs.