What is Liver Biopsy, Liver Lobectomy, and Liver Masses?

Liver biopsy is a diagnostic procedure that involves obtaining a small sample of liver tissue for microscopic examination. It helps identify liver diseases, assess liver function, and guide treatment decisions. Here’s what you need to know:

Indications:

• Liver Disease: When there are signs of liver dysfunction (such as jaundice, vomiting, weight loss, or abnormal liver enzymes).
• Unexplained Abnormalities: When blood tests or imaging reveal liver abnormalities without a clear cause.
• Monitoring Chronic Liver Conditions: In cases of chronic liver disease, repeated biopsies may be necessary to assess progression or response to treatment.

Procedure:

1. Types of Liver Biopsy:

   • Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Biopsy: The most common method. A thin needle is inserted through the skin and into the liver under ultrasound guidance.
   • Laparoscopic Biopsy: Done during exploratory surgery using minimally invasive techniques.
   • Surgical Biopsy: Performed during open abdominal surgery.
   • Tru-Cut Biopsy: A specialized needle is used to obtain a core sample of liver tissue.
   • Wedge Biopsy: A small wedge of liver tissue is removed.
   • Aspiration Biopsy: A needle is inserted into the liver to aspirate a sample.
   • Histopathology: The obtained tissue is sent to a pathologist for microscopic examination.

2. Post-Operative Care:

   • Pain Management: Ensuring comfort during recovery.
   • Monitoring: Close observation for any complications.

Benefits:

• Accurate Diagnosis: Helps identify specific liver diseases.
• Treatment Guidance: Guides treatment decisions based on the underlying condition.
• Prognostic Information: Assesses the severity and progression of liver disease.

Liver Lobectomy in Dogs and Cats

Overview:

Liver lobectomy involves the surgical removal of one or more liver lobes. This procedure is performed for various reasons, including the treatment of liver tumors or abscesses. Here’s what you need to know:

Indications:

• Liver Tumors: When a tumor affects a specific liver lobe.
• Liver Abscesses: Removal of an abscessed liver lobe.
• Trauma: In cases of severe liver injury affecting a specific lobe.

Procedure:

1. Surgical Approach:

   • The veterinarian makes an incision in the abdominal area to access the liver.
   • The affected liver lobe is carefully dissected and removed.
   • Closure follows standard surgical techniques.

2. Post-Operative Care:

   • Pain Management: Ensuring comfort during recovery.
   • Wound Care: Regular monitoring and cleaning.

Benefits:

• Disease Control: Removal of affected liver tissue.
• Improved Quality of Life: Relief from symptoms associated with liver issues.
• Preservation of Other Liver Lobes: Typically, only the affected lobe(s) are removed.

Liver Masses in Dogs and Cats

Overview:

Liver masses can be benign or malignant and may arise from hepatocytes (hepatocellular carcinoma), bile ducts (cholangiocellular carcinoma), or other liver cells. Surgical intervention is often necessary for diagnosis and treatment.

Indications:

• Liver Masses: When imaging (such as ultrasound or CT) reveals liver abnormalities.
• Biopsy and Treatment: Liver biopsy during surgery allows for histopathologic examination and guides further management.

Procedure:

1. Exploratory Laparotomy:

   • The abdomen is opened surgically.
   • The liver is carefully examined, and biopsies are obtained.
   • Surgical removal of masses may be performed if indicated.

2. Post-Operative Care:

   • Pain Management: Ensuring comfort during recovery.
   • Monitoring: Close observation for any complications.

Benefits:

• Accurate Diagnosis: Histopathology provides information on the type of liver mass.
• Treatment Guidance: Helps determine the appropriate management.
• Improved Prognosis: Early intervention may improve outcomes.

 

Remember, always consult a veterinarian for personalized advice tailored to your pet’s specific needs.